我有许多电机数据,我该怎么做呢?

2017/04/24


所有智能电机控制和保护设备都会生成很多数据。其数据量之大超乎您的想象。

您购买这些产品是为了帮助公司减少计划外停机,但应该从哪里入手呢?您如何使用这些数据来证明您投资的合理性?

使用智能电机控制数据的关键在于理解数据代表什么以及如何正确显示和使用数据,力图获取有意义的信息来尽量减少计划外停机。

共有五种类型的数据,其采集、显示和分析方法各不相同。

1. 实时数据

2. 预测数据

3. 运行数据

4. 历史数据

5. 能源数据

实时数据

实时数据是电机产生的瞬时信息,机器或过程操作员使用其验证机器或过程是否正常运行。此类数据被快速读入 PLC (20-1000ms),并显示在人机界面 (HMI) 终端和/或监控及数据采集 (SCADA) 系统中。

部分自动化供应商提供预先写入且经过测试的图形,以便系统集成商快速复制和粘贴这些显示内容,在几分钟内为大量电机控制设备的 HMI 终端或 SCADA 系统生成图形用户界面。

多数用户在显示器上显示每个电机的 RMS 电流,但有两个实时参数可以为操作员提供更多实用信息 热容量利用率 (%TCU) 和满载电流百分比 (%FLA)

· %TCU 指示电机的热容量水平。当该值等于 100% 时,电机控制设备就会因为热过载状况跳闸。当%TCU 高于 90% 时,HMI 上会显示警告消息,以便操作员获知电机正在变热。

· %FLA 指示电机所消耗电流占铭牌额定值的百分比。理想情况下,该值不应超过 100%。如果该值大于 100%HMI 上会显示警告消息,以便操作员获知电机所消耗电流超出其额定值。

预测数据

预测数据是按需显示在 HMI 上的信息。共有两个通用参数:跳闸时间和复位时间。

· 跳闸时间令操作员获知电机保护设备在多长时间后会发生热过载跳闸。达到某个时间点后,该信息应动态显示,供监视 HMI 的操作员查看。

· 复位时间令操作员获知发出跳闸复位指令前,电机冷却所需的时间。发生热过载跳闸后,该信息应动态显示,供监视 HMI 的操作员查看。

运行数据

运行数据也是按需显示在 HMI 上供维护人员查看的信息。运行小时数、启动次数等参数相当于汽车上的换机油灯。

当超过运行时间数或启动次数的设定值时,就会显示相应信息,主动提醒维护人员执行例行工作。

另一类运行数据是跳闸日志和快照日志。当发生跳闸或故障事件时,维护人员可在 HMI  Web 浏览器上查看此类信息。

您可通过此类数据快速了解跳闸或故障原因以及其间的实时电压、电流和功率数据,以便尽量减少和解决计划外停机事件。

历史数据

历史数据是每 15-60 分钟在历史数据库中采集到的信息,可通过趋势显示画面查看。接地故障电流、RMS 电压和 RMS 电流应每周进行检查,了解这些稳定值是否发生过任何显著波动。此类信息可有助于透析各类潜在电机问题。

能源数据

能源数据是每 15 分钟在历史数据库中采集到的信息,可通过条形图和趋势显示画面查看。此类信息应每月进行检查,以确定峰值需求的发生时间和原因,识别在非生产事件内实现节能的机会。

部分厂商的软件会通过电子邮件自动向您发送类似于水电费账单的报告,并指出造成峰值需求的负载。

这五种数据将帮助操作员在运行机器或控制过程时做出更好的决策,促使其主动应对潜在问题并在发生计划外事件时更高效地解决问题。

请访问我们的网站,进一步了解智能电机控制图形终端历史数据采集软件解决方案

Free Webinar: What Do You Do with All the Data? Sign up for our live webinar 1 p.m. to 2 p.m. CT Thursday, February 23, 2017 and learn how real-time motor diagnostic information can help you make smarter and more informed decisions.

Projected Data

Projected data is information that should be displayed on demand on an HMI. Two common parameters are time to trip and time to reset.

  • Time to trip lets an operator know how long they have until the motor protection device has a thermal overload trip. This information should dynamically appear to an operator viewing an HMI when a time level is reached.
  • Time to reset lets the operator know how long the motor needs to cool before a trip reset command can occur. This information should dynamically appear to an operator viewing an HMI after a thermal overload trip.

Operational Data

Operational data is information that should also be displayed on demand on an HMI for maintenance personnel. Parameters such as operational hours and number of starts can act as a “change engine oil” light on a car.

When a set amount of operating hours or starts is exceeded, an information display can be shown to proactively alert maintenance to do their routine procedure.

Another form of operational data is a trip log and snapshot log. This information can be viewed on an HMI or a web browser by maintenance personal when a trip or fault event occurs.

This data allows you to quickly understand the reason for a trip or fault event and the real-time voltage, current and power data at the time of the trip or fault to minimize and troubleshoot the unplanned down time event.

Free Whitepaper: Low Voltage Motor Protection

Historical Data

Historical data is information that should be collected every 15-60 minutes in a historical database and viewed via a trend display. Ground fault current, RMS voltage and RMS current should be reviewed weekly to see whether any significant magnitude changes occurred for these steady values. This information would provide insight to any potential future motor issues.

Energy Data

Energy data is information that should be collected every 15 minutes in a historical database and viewed via bar graphs and trend displays. This information should be reviewed monthly to determine when and why peak demands occur and identify opportunities to save energy during non-production time.

Some vendors have software that will automatically e-mail you reports that mimic utility bills and identify loads that contribute to the peak demand.

These five types of data will enable operators to make better decisions when running a machine or controlling a process, allowing them to proactively react to potential problems and more efficiently troubleshoot issues when an unplanned event occurs.

Please visit our website to learn more about their intelligent motor controls, graphic terminals and historical data collection software solutions.


发布 April 24, 2017 作者 Bill Martin, Product Manager, Electronic Overload Relays, Rockwell Automation